Israel by Monty Noam Penkower

Author:Monty Noam Penkower [Penkower, Monty Noam]
Language: eng
Format: epub
ISBN: 9781644696743
Publisher: Academic Studies
Published: 2020-09-15T00:00:00+00:00

Endnotes

1.UN Doc. S/P., vol. 271, March 19, 1948.

2.Monty Noam Penkower, Palestine to Israel: Mandate to State, 1945–1948, vol. 2, Into the International Arena, 1947–1948 (New York, 2019), 619–620. New York Times publisher Arthur Hays Sulzberger, long opposed to a Jewish state and insecure over his Jewish identity, endorsed the General Assembly’s partition recommendation in order to strengthen the hand of the United Nations. See Monty Noam Penkower, Twentieth-Century Jews: Forging Identity in the Land of Promise and in the Promised Land (Boston, 2010), chap. 5.

3.Penkower, Palestine to Israel, 608–609, 621–622, 628–629, 633.

4.New York Herald Tribune, March 21, 1948.

5.Ibid.; Penkower, Palestine to Israel, 630–631.

6.Eichelberger press release, March 21, 1948, box 66, Carl M. Eichelberger MSS., Manuscripts and Archives Division, New York Public Library (hereafter NYPL), New York City. Also see Robert D. Accinelli, “Pro-U.N. Internationalists and the Early Cold War: the American Association for the United Nations and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1947–52,” Diplomatic History 9:4 (Fall 1985): 347–362. For Truman’s address to the joint session of Congress, calling for speedy action on the European Recovery Program (the Marshall Plan), restoration of the draft, and enactment of universal training legislation to maintain US armed forces at their authorized strength, see “Special Message,” March 17, 1948, Harry S. Truman Library (HSTL), Independence, MO.

7.Robert D. Accinelli, “Militant Internationalists: The League of Nations Association, The Peace Movement and U.S. Foreign Policy, 1934–38,” Diplomatic History 4:1 (Winter 1980): 19–38; Smith Simpson, “The Commission to Study the Organization of Peace,” American Political Science Review 35:2 (April 1941): 317–324; Robert A. Divine, Second Chance: The Triumph of Internationalism in America During World War II (New York, 1967); Andrew Johnstone, Dilemmas of Internationalism: The American Association for the United Nations and US Policy, 1941–1948 (Burlington, 2009); Clark M. Eichelberger, with William T. Stone, Peaceful Change: The Alternative to War (New York, 1937); Clark M. Eichelberger, “Next Steps in the Organization of the United Nations,” Annals 228:1 (July 1, 1943): 34–39; idem, The Time Has Come for Action (New York, 1944); idem, The United Nations Charter: What Was Done at San Francisco (New York, 1945).

8.“Model UN and UNA-USA,” Selous Foundation for Public Policy Research, 2018; Clark M. Eichelberger, “Plans for World Security,” Virginia Quarterly Review 20:4 (Autumn 1944).

9.Alfred E. Clark, “Clark M. Eichelberger Dies at 83: Led American U.N. Association,” New York Times, January 27, 1980, 20; Robert D. Accinelli, “Clark Mell Eichelberger,” in Biographical Dictionary of Internationalists, ed. Warren F. Kuehl (Westport, 1983), 235–239; Clark M. Eichelberger, Proposals for the United Nations Charter—What Was done at Dumbarton Oaks (New York, 1944).

10.AAUN statement, January 29, 1948, Z5/409/1, Central Zionist Archives (hereafter CZA), Jerusalem; Clark M. Eichelberger, “Editorial,” Changing World 19 (December 1947): 2.

11.Eichelberger to Dulles, January 28, 1948, box 66, Eichelberger MSS.

12.Gelber to Shertok-Goldmann, February 3, 1948, Z6/4/5, CZA. Other than Gelber’s contributions to leading newspapers, this forty-year-old former Rhodes scholar at Balliol College, Oxford, had authored The Rise of AngloAmerican Friendship (1938) and Peace by Power (1942), both published by Oxford University Press.

13.AAUN statement, February 10, 1948, box 66, Eichelberger MSS.

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